#latex #r-markdown #line-breaks #kableextra
Вопрос:
Я создаю longtable в rmarkdown, который содержит большой объем текста. Я устанавливаю ширину столбца, используя column_spec пробел для текста в нескольких строках, но хотел бы вставить разрывы строк вручную, чтобы улучшить читаемость. Я последовал совету здесь, но все равно получаю ошибку, в которой говорится n , что они не распознаны:
! Undefined control sequence.
l.135 Aoike 2018 amp; H-Ex (12); nCenter
-Ex (13); nCon (15)
Это мой код:
```{r setup, include=FALSE}
library(knitr)
knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = FALSE)
library(readxl)
library(dplyr)
library(kableExtra)
book1 = read_excel("Table tests/Book1.xlsx", sheet = 1)
book1[is.na(book1)] <- " "
begin{landscape}
```{r table,}
book1%>%
mutate_all(linebreak)%>%
kbl("latex", longtable = TRUE, escape = F, booktabs = T, caption = '(ref:exstudies)')%>%
column_spec(2, width= "5em")%>%
kable_styling(latex_options= c("striped", "repeat_header"), font_size =10, repeat_header_method = "replace")%>%
footnote(general = "some text", general_title = "")
end{landscape}
Это mwe моего фрейма данных:
book1 = data.frame(Reference = c("Adams 2012", "Aoike 2018"),
`Groups (n)` = c("H-Ex (14); Con (15)", "H-Ex (12); nCenter-Ex (13); nCon (15)"))
Вот содержимое файла .tex:
% Options for packages loaded elsewhere
PassOptionsToPackage{unicode}{hyperref}
PassOptionsToPackage{hyphens}{url}
%
documentclass[
11pt,
]{article}
usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}
usepackage{lmodern}
usepackage{ifxetex,ifluatex}
ifnum 0ifxetex 1fiifluatex 1fi=0 % if pdftex
usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
usepackage{textcomp} % provide euro and other symbols
else % if luatex or xetex
usepackage{unicode-math}
defaultfontfeatures{Scale=MatchLowercase}
defaultfontfeatures[rmfamily]{Ligatures=TeX,Scale=1}
setmainfont[]{Garamond}
fi
% Use upquote if available, for straight quotes in verbatim environments
IfFileExists{upquote.sty}{usepackage{upquote}}{}
IfFileExists{microtype.sty}{% use microtype if available
usepackage[]{microtype}
UseMicrotypeSet[protrusion]{basicmath} % disable protrusion for tt fonts
}{}
makeatletter
@ifundefined{KOMAClassName}{% if non-KOMA class
IfFileExists{parskip.sty}{%
usepackage{parskip}
}{% else
setlength{parindent}{0pt}
setlength{parskip}{6pt plus 2pt minus 1pt}}
}{% if KOMA class
KOMAoptions{parskip=half}}
makeatother
usepackage{xcolor}
IfFileExists{xurl.sty}{usepackage{xurl}}{} % add URL line breaks if available
IfFileExists{bookmark.sty}{usepackage{bookmark}}{usepackage{hyperref}}
hypersetup{
pdftitle={General Introduction},
hidelinks,
pdfcreator={LaTeX via pandoc}}
urlstyle{same} % disable monospaced font for URLs
usepackage[margin=1in]{geometry}
usepackage{longtable,booktabs,array}
usepackage{calc} % for calculating minipage widths
% Correct order of tables after paragraph or subparagraph
usepackage{etoolbox}
makeatletter
patchcmdlongtable{par}{if@noskipsecmbox{}fipar}{}{}
makeatother
% Allow footnotes in longtable head/foot
IfFileExists{footnotehyper.sty}{usepackage{footnotehyper}}{usepackage{footnote}}
makesavenoteenv{longtable}
usepackage{graphicx}
makeatletter
defmaxwidth{ifdimGin@nat@width>linewidthlinewidthelseGin@nat@widthfi}
defmaxheight{ifdimGin@nat@height>textheighttextheightelseGin@nat@heightfi}
makeatother
% Scale images if necessary, so that they will not overflow the page
% margins by default, and it is still possible to overwrite the defaults
% using explicit options in includegraphics[width, height, ...]{}
setkeys{Gin}{width=maxwidth,height=maxheight,keepaspectratio}
% Set default figure placement to htbp
makeatletter
deffps@figure{htbp}
makeatother
setlength{emergencystretch}{3em} % prevent overfull lines
providecommand{tightlist}{%
setlength{itemsep}{0pt}setlength{parskip}{0pt}}
setcounter{secnumdepth}{5}
usepackage{pdflscape}
usepackage{longtable}
usepackage{lmodern}
usepackage{graphicx}
usepackage{xcolor}
usepackage{booktabs}
usepackage{longtable}
usepackage{array}
usepackage{multirow}
usepackage{wrapfig}
usepackage{float}
usepackage{colortbl}
usepackage{pdflscape}
usepackage{tabu}
usepackage{threeparttable}
usepackage{threeparttablex}
usepackage[normalem]{ulem}
usepackage{makecell}
usepackage{xcolor}
ifluatex
usepackage{selnolig} % disable illegal ligatures
fi
title{General Introduction}
author{}
date{vspace{-2.5em}}
begin{document}
maketitle
{
setcounter{tocdepth}{2}
tableofcontents
}
CKD exercise studies. See Table ref{tab:exstudies}.
begin{landscape}
begingroupfontsize{10}{12}selectfont
begin{longtable}[t]{>{raggedrightarraybackslash}p{5em }>{raggedrightarraybackslash}p{5em}>{raggedrightarraybackslash}p{3em}>{raggedrightarraybackslash}p{5em}>{raggedrightarraybackslash}p{5em }>{raggedrightarraybackslash}p{3em }>{raggedrightarraybackslash}p{8em }>{raggedrightarraybackslash}p{8em }>{raggedrightarraybackslash}p{5em }>{raggedrightarraybackslash}p{5em }}
caption{label{tab:exstudies}Exercise studies in patients with CKD. All studies in the table were randomised-controlled trials except Pechterldots{}}\
toprule
Study Reference amp; Groups (n) amp; Study duration (weeks) amp; CKD Stage amp; Other population characteristics amp; Age (years) amp; Frequency/ duration amp; Aerobic amp; Resitance amp; Other elements of intervention\
midrule
endfirsthead
caption[]{textit{(continued)}}\
toprule
Study Reference amp; Groups (n) amp; Study duration (weeks) amp; CKD Stage amp; Other population characteristics amp; Age (years) amp; Frequency/ duration amp; Aerobic amp; Resitance amp; Other elements of intervention\
midrule
endhead
endfoot
bottomrule
multicolumn{10}{l}{rule{0pt}{1em}All studies in the table were randomised-controlled trials except Pechter... }\
endlastfoot
cellcolor{gray!6}{Aoike 2015} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{H-Ex (14); Con (15)} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{12} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{3-4} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{BMI>25} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{30-50 min., 3 x per wk} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Walking; aiming for VT} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Nil} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Dietary instruction for all patients}\
Aoike 2018 amp; H-Ex (12); n Center Ex (13); nCon (15) amp; 24 amp; 3-4 amp; Overweight amp; 56 amp; 40-60 min., 3 x per wk amp; Moderate (40-60% VO2max): home-based = walking; centre-based = treadmill amp; Nil amp; \
cellcolor{gray!6}{Barcellos 2018} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Ex (76); Con (74)} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{16} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{2-4} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Hypertensive} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{65} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{60 min., 3 x per wk, supervised} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Yes, no details} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Yes, no details} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{}\
Baria 2014 amp; Centre-Ex (10); H-Ex (8); Con (9) amp; 12 amp; 3-4 amp; BMI > 25; male amp; 52 amp; 30-50 min., 3 x per wk amp; Centre= treadmill; Home = walkingslash running; HR at VT amp; Nil amp; \
cellcolor{gray!6}{Beetham 2019} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{HIIT (9); Mod Ex (5)} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{12} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{3-4} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{1 uncontrolled CVD risk factors (BP, HbA1C, lipids)} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{61} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{HIIT: 4x4 min.; Mod Ex: 40 min. 3 days per wk} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{HIIT: 80-95% PeakHR, Mod Ex: 65% peakHR; treadmill} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Nil} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{}\
addlinespace
Castaneda 2001/2004 amp; Ex low-protein diet (14); low-protein diet only (12) amp; 12 amp; SCr 133-442 $mu$mol/L amp; Age >50 amp; 64 amp; 45 min., 3 x per wk amp; Nil amp; 8 reps x 3 sets of chest and leg press, latissimus pull-down, knee extension, and knee flexion amp; \
cellcolor{gray!6}{Eidemak 1997} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Ex (15); Con (15)} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Median 78} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{GFR 10-43} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Non-diabetic} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{44} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{30 min., daily; unsupervised} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{60-75% maximal exercise capacity, static bike, running, swimming or walking} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Nil} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{}\
Greenwood 2015 amp; Ex (8); Con (10) amp; 52 amp; 3-4 amp; amp; 53 amp; 40 min., 3 x per wk (2 x supervised, 1 x home) amp; stationary exercise cycle; 80% HRR amp; Free weights or therabands 80% of 1RM amp; \
cellcolor{gray!6}{Headley 2012} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Ex (10); Con (11)} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{48} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{2-4} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{55} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{45 min., 3 x per wk, supervised} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{50-60% VO2 peak} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Weeks 24-48; optional; weight machines} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Dietary instruction for exercise group}\
Headley 2014 amp; Ex (25); Con (21) amp; 16 amp; 3a-3b amp; DM or HTN as primary cause of CKD amp; 58 amp; 30-45 min., 3 x per wk, supervised amp; 50-60% VO2 peak, mixed apparatus amp; Nil amp; \
addlinespace
cellcolor{gray!6}{Hellberg 2019} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Endurance amp; strength (73); Endurance amp; balance (75)} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{52} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{3-5} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{66} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{150 min./ wk} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{2 x 30 minutes; RPE = 13-15} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{3 x 30 minutes; RPE =13-17; 2-3 sets of 10 reps of wither free weight/body weight (resistance) or balance exercises} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{}\
Hiraki 2017 amp; H-Ex (14); Con (14) amp; 52 amp; 3-4 amp; Male amp; 68.5 amp; 30 min. /day or 8000-10000 steps amp; Walking amp; Hand grip, squats and calf raises; 20-30 reps 3x per week amp; \
cellcolor{gray!6}{Howden 2013/2015} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Ex amp; lifestyle intervention (36); Con (36)} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{52} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{eGFR 25-60} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{1 or more uncontrolled CV risk factors (BP, HbA1C, lipids)} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{61} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{150 min./wk, beginning with 8 wks 2-3 x per wk supervised in gym; subsequently at home} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Moderate, RPE 11-13} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Whole-body with therabands and Swiss ball} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Lifestyle intervention with dietician and psychologist (sustainable diet and behaviour change for weight loss)}\
Ikizler 2018 amp; Ex vs usual activity; Calory restriction vs usual diet (104 total) amp; 16 amp; 3-4 amp; BMI> 25 amp; 53-58 amp; 30-45 min., 3 x per wk, supervised amp; amp; amp; 10-15% calory reduciton\
cellcolor{gray!6}{Kirkman 2019} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Ex (15); Con (16)} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{12} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{3-5} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{58} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{45 min., 3 x per wk; supervised} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{60-85% heart rate reserve; cycling, treadmill or epliptical} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Nil} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{}\
addlinespace
Kiuchi 2017 amp; HIIT (25); Mod Ex (25) amp; 156 amp; 3-4 amp; amp; 58 amp; HIIT: 4-30 min.; Mod Ex: 30-60 min. 5 days per wk amp; HIIT: up to maximal intensity; Mod Ex: 55-85% max HR amp; Nil amp; \
cellcolor{gray!6}{Leehey 2016} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Ex diet (14); Diet alone (18)} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{52} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{2-4} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{T2DM, obese, male} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{66} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{60 min., 3 x per wk; superveised for first 12 wks} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{45-85% VO2 peak; Treadmill,elliptical or cycle; intervals} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Additional 20-30 minutes/ session} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Nutritional counselling session}\
Leehey 2009 amp; Ex (7); Con (4) amp; 24 amp; 2-4 amp; Diabetic, BMI > 30, proteinuria amp; 66 amp; 30-40 min., 3 x per wk, supervised for first 6 wks amp; Walking; supervised sessions were up to 60-84% VO2peak amp; Nil amp; \
cellcolor{gray!6}{Miele 2017} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Ex (25); Con (21)} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{16} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{3} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{15-55 min., 3 x per wk, supervised} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Moderate, 50-60% VO2peak} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Nil} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{}\
Mustata 2011 amp; Ex (10); Con (10) amp; 52 amp; 3-4 amp; amp; 68 amp; 20-60 min., 5 x per wk (3 unsupervised, 2 supervised) amp; 40-60% VO2peak, treadmill, cycle, ellipitcal trainer; unsupervised = walking amp; amp; \
addlinespace
cellcolor{gray!6}{Pechter 2003} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Ex (11); Con (9)} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{12} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{NA} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Proteinuria; 2 CV risk factors} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{49} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{30 min., 2x per wk} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Aquatic exercise} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Nil} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{}\
Rossi 2014 amp; Ex (59); Con (48) amp; 12 amp; 3-4 amp; amp; 68 amp; 60 min., 2 x per wk, supervised amp; Treadmill or static cycle; PLE<11(60-65% HRM) amp; Free weights3 sets x 15 reps amp; Provided with pedometer\
cellcolor{gray!6}{Small 2017} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Ex lifestyle} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{52} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{eGFR 25-60} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{62} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{150 min./wk, beginning with 8 wks 2-3 x per wk supervised in gym; subsequently at home} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{4 weeks of group behavior and lifestyle modification and dietary advice}\
Shi 2014 amp; Ex (11); Con (10) amp; 12 amp; NA amp; Evidence of CVD amp; 69 amp; 30 min., 3-5 x per wk, supervised for first 4 wks amp; Tai Chi amp; Nil amp; \
cellcolor{gray!6}{Tang 2017} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{H-Ex (45); Con (45)} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{12} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{1-3} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{45} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{30 min., 3 x per wk, at home} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Walking, cycling jogging; 12-15 RPE} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Nil} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{Exercise education (3 sessions)}\
addlinespace
Van Craenenbroeck 2015 amp; Ex (19); Con (21) amp; 12 amp; 3-4 amp; amp; 53 amp; 10 min., 4x per day, at home amp; Static cycling, 90% HR of anaerobic threshold amp; Nil amp; \
cellcolor{gray!6}{Huppertz 2020} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{} amp; cellcolor{gray!6}{}\
Zhou 2020 amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; \*
end{longtable}
endgroup{}
end{landscape}
end{document}
Комментарии:
1. Можете ли вы а) показать промежуточный файл .tex, чтобы мы увидели, какой тип столбца используется, и б) попробовать
linebreak(включая пробел после него)2. @Martin C. Арнольд, пожалуйста, не удаляйте разрывы строк из сообщений об ошибках TeX. Они являются наиболее важной частью сообщений об ошибках, потому что в них содержится информация о том, в каком месте находится ошибка. Без разрыва строки как можно узнать
nCenter, является лиnConнеопределенная последовательность управления или нет?3. Спасибо за текстовый файл. В файле tex
Aoike 2018 amp; H-Ex (12); linebreak Center Ex (13); linebreak Con (15) amp; 24 amp; 3-4 amp; Overweight amp; 56 amp; 40-60 min., 3 x per wk amp; Moderate (40-60% VO2max): home-based = walking; centre-based = treadmill amp; Nil amp; \работает нормально. Можете ли вы проверить сlinebreakпомощью своего документа rmarkdown?4. @samcarter_is_at_topanswers.xyz Большое спасибо.
linebreakпохоже, это работает. Из интереса я скопировал содержимое файла .tex (я не уверен, правильно ли я это сделал!). При использованииnя пробовал как с пробелом, так и без него, ни то, ни другое не сработало5. Я не пользователь r, но если я правильно понимаю документ, на который вы ссылаетесь,
nон будет работать только внутри таких специальных функций r, какlinebreak("anb"). В любом случае, это определенно не латексный макрос для взлома строк.