#c #c #xcode #macos #gcc
#c #c #xcode #macos #gcc
Вопрос:
Я изучаю C и хочу локальную автономную среду C на моем Mac без какой-либо IDE. Я написал простую программу hello world, используя Sublime Text, и установил gcc. Теперь, если я сделаю gcc filename.cpp Я получаю ошибку, связанную с компоновщиком.
Я попытался запустить свой код в Xcode, и он работает нормально. Однако я могу запускать файлы .c.
Target: x86_64-apple-darwin18.2.0
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin
"/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/clang" -cc1 -triple x86_64-apple-macosx10.14.0 -Wdeprecated-objc-isa-usage -Werror=deprecated-objc-isa-usage -emit-obj -mrelax-all -disable-free -disable-llvm-verifier -discard-value-names -main-file-name demo.cpp -mrelocation-model pic -pic-level 2 -mthread-model posix -mdisable-fp-elim -fno-strict-return -masm-verbose -munwind-tables -target-cpu penryn -dwarf-column-info -debugger-tuning=lldb -target-linker-version 409.12 -v -resource-dir /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/lib/clang/10.0.0 -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk -I/usr/local/include -stdlib=libc -fdeprecated-macro -fdebug-compilation-dir /Users/amgupta/Desktop -ferror-limit 19 -fmessage-length 151 -stack-protector 1 -fblocks -fencode-extended-block-signature -fobjc-runtime=macosx-10.14.0 -fcxx-exceptions -fexceptions -fmax-type-align=16 -fdiagnostics-show-option -fcolor-diagnostics -o /var/folders/f7/dfqj0yj57hvckt83qn2h1qn40000gn/T/demo-942cb7.o -x c demo.cpp
clang -cc1 version 10.0.0 (clang-1000.11.45.5) default target x86_64-apple-darwin18.2.0
ignoring nonexistent directory "/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/usr/include/c /v1"
ignoring nonexistent directory "/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/usr/local/include"
ignoring nonexistent directory "/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/Library/Frameworks"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
/usr/local/include
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c /v1
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/lib/clang/10.0.0/include
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/usr/include
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks (framework directory)
End of search list.
"/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/ld" -demangle -lto_library /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/lib/libLTO.dylib -no_deduplicate -dynamic -arch x86_64 -macosx_version_min 10.14.0 -syslibroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk -o a.out /var/folders/f7/dfqj0yj57hvckt83qn2h1qn40000gn/T/demo-942cb7.o -L/usr/local/lib -lSystem /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/lib/clang/10.0.0/lib/darwin/libclang_rt.osx.a
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"std::__1::locale::use_facet(std::__1::locale::idamp;) const", referenced from:
std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp; std::__1::endl<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >(std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp;) in demo-942cb7.o
std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp; std::__1::__put_character_sequence<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >(std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp;, char const*, unsigned long) in demo-942cb7.o
"std::__1::ios_base::getloc() const", referenced from:
std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp; std::__1::endl<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >(std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp;) in demo-942cb7.o
std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp; std::__1::__put_character_sequence<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >(std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp;, char const*, unsigned long) in demo-942cb7.o
"std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> >::__init(unsigned long, char)", referenced from:
std::__1::ostreambuf_iterator<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> > std::__1::__pad_and_output<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >(std::__1::ostreambuf_iterator<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >, char const*, char const*, char const*, std::__1::ios_baseamp;, char) in demo-942cb7.o
"std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()", referenced from:
std::__1::ostreambuf_iterator<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> > std::__1::__pad_and_output<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >(std::__1::ostreambuf_iterator<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >, char const*, char const*, char const*, std::__1::ios_baseamp;, char) in demo-942cb7.o
"std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >::put(char)", referenced from:
std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp; std::__1::endl<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >(std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp;) in demo-942cb7.o
"std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >::flush()", referenced from:
std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp; std::__1::endl<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >(std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp;) in demo-942cb7.o
"std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >::sentry::sentry(std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp;)", referenced from:
std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp; std::__1::__put_character_sequence<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >(std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp;, char const*, unsigned long) in demo-942cb7.o
"std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >::sentry::~sentry()", referenced from:
std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp; std::__1::__put_character_sequence<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >(std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp;, char const*, unsigned long) in demo-942cb7.o
"std::__1::cout", referenced from:
_main in demo-942cb7.o
"std::__1::ctype<char>::id", referenced from:
std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp; std::__1::endl<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >(std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp;) in demo-942cb7.o
std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp; std::__1::__put_character_sequence<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >(std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp;, char const*, unsigned long) in demo-942cb7.o
"std::__1::locale::~locale()", referenced from:
std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp; std::__1::endl<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >(std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp;) in demo-942cb7.o
std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp; std::__1::__put_character_sequence<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >(std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp;, char const*, unsigned long) in demo-942cb7.o
"std::__1::ios_base::__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow()", referenced from:
std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp; std::__1::__put_character_sequence<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >(std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp;, char const*, unsigned long) in demo-942cb7.o
"std::__1::ios_base::clear(unsigned int)", referenced from:
std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp; std::__1::__put_character_sequence<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >(std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp;, char const*, unsigned long) in demo-942cb7.o
"std::terminate()", referenced from:
___clang_call_terminate in demo-942cb7.o
"___cxa_begin_catch", referenced from:
std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp; std::__1::__put_character_sequence<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >(std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp;, char const*, unsigned long) in demo-942cb7.o
___clang_call_terminate in demo-942cb7.o
"___cxa_end_catch", referenced from:
std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp; std::__1::__put_character_sequence<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >(std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp;, char const*, unsigned long) in demo-942cb7.o
"___gxx_personality_v0", referenced from:
std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp; std::__1::endl<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >(std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp;) in demo-942cb7.o
std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp; std::__1::__put_character_sequence<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >(std::__1::basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >amp;, char const*, unsigned long) in demo-942cb7.o
std::__1::ostreambuf_iterator<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> > std::__1::__pad_and_output<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >(std::__1::ostreambuf_iterator<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >, char const*, char const*, char const*, std::__1::ios_baseamp;, char) in demo-942cb7.o
Dwarf Exception Unwind Info (__eh_frame) in demo-942cb7.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)```
Please help me.
Ответ №1:
GCC — это набор разных компиляторов для разных языков. На каждом языке есть своя отдельная интерфейсная программа. Для C это gcc , для C это g .
На самом деле они почти одинаковые, но g добавляют некоторые опции, необходимые для сборки и компоновки программ на C (например, они автоматически связываются со стандартной библиотекой C , которая gcc этого не делает).
Итак, чтобы решить вашу проблему, если вы программируете на C , используйте g вместо этого программу.